![]() LEZs have been in operation in the UK and across Europe for over 15 years. Anyone driving a non-compliant vehicle into an LEZ is liable to pay a penalty charge. A person cannot drive a vehicle on a road within a Scottish LEZ unless it meets specified emissions standards or is exempted from the LEZ restrictions. Low Emission Zones (LEZs): Low Emissions Zones (LEZs) will take effect on 1 June 2023 in Glasgow, in Dundee and 1 June 2024 in Aberdeen, and Edinburgh. These older “20-minute neighbourhoods” are amongst Scotland’s most popular and recognisable locales – the Edwardian and Victorian tenemented areas found in most of our towns and cities. Similarly, service provision was planned by public and private organisations on the basis that users would access facilities by foot, bike or by public transport. Until the advent of mass car ownership and the growth of car-based developments, such as out-of-town shopping centres and low-density edge of town housing developments, urban residents generally lived within walking distance of the shops and services they needed for day-to-day living. This definition is largely based on the concept of a 15-minute city proposed by academic Carlos Moreno in 2016 and first adopted by the Mayor of Paris, Anne Hidalgo, as a basis for planning of the city.ĭespite the recent surge in interest in this concept, the idea of the 20-minute neighbourhood is as old as urban living itself. ![]() …connected and often compact neighbourhoods designed in such a way that people can meet the majority of their daily needs within a reasonable distance of their home preferably by sustainable and active travel methods…Housing would be planned together with local infrastructure including schools, community centres, local shops and health and social care to significantly reduce the need to use unsustainable methods of travel, to prioritise quality of life, help tackle inequalities, increase levels of health and wellbeing and respond to the climate emergency. The impact of LTNs is explored in another SPICe Spotlight post.Ģ0-minute neighbourhoods: The Scottish Government defines a 20-minute neighbourhood in the approved fourth National Planning Framework as follows: In essence, changes that bring the road layout in older residential areas into line with those found in modern housing developments. Recent debate about the creation of LTNs is largely focussed on the retrofitting of such road layouts into pre-1960’s residential areas. The design principles set out in this report can be seen in many housing developments built in the UK since the mid-1960s. The idea of “environmental areas”, residential streets free from though traffic where pedestrians and cyclists take precedence over motor vehicles was outlined in the Buchanan Report (Traffic in Towns) published by the Ministry of Transport in 1963. ![]() While the term LTN may be relatively recent, the concept is not. This can be done in a range of ways: by planters, bollards, or other street furniture that physically block the road (emergency services can have key access to lockable bollards), by camera-enforced ‘gates’ (without physical restrictions, often so buses may get through, but fines may be imposed for illegitimate use), or opposed short sections of one-way street with cycle contraflows, intended to have a similar effect (less popular now, but some older schemes exist)… They have multiple aims – most obviously, to make filtered residential streets truly quiet while still allowing residents, visitors, and deliveries to access all properties by motor vehicle. It’s a neighbourhood in which most or all through motor traffic has been removed from local residential streets (‘filtered’). Rachel Aldred (Professor of Transport, University of Westminster) offered the following definition: Low Traffic Neighbourhoods (LTNs): There is no formal definition of what constitutes an LTN.
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